Addiction 101: A Comprehensive Guide to Substance Use & Recovery

What is Addiction? (Substance Use Disorder)

Addiction is not a moral failing or a lack of willpower. It is a complex condition where the brain’s reward system is rewired by consistent substance use. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), a Substance Use Disorder occurs when the recurrent use of alcohol or drugs causes clinically significant impairment, including health problems, disability, and failure to meet major responsibilities.

Substances that are commonly misused (like alcohol, opioids, and stimulants) stimulate the brain’s reward system, releasing large amounts of dopamine — the chemical associated with pleasure. Repeated use can:

• Increase tolerance (needing more to feel the same effect)
• Alter natural reward pathways
• Create strong cravings
• Reduce the ability to control use

Over time, the brain adapts, which makes stopping use very difficult without support and treatment.

"Addiction is a learned pattern, based on genetic vulnerability, experienced or perceived trauma and environment, where the brain’s reward, stress, and decision-making systems have been reshaped in a way that drives behavior, even when it creates harm. Recovery is the process of rewiring those patterns and building a life that no longer depends on the substance and you don't need to escape from anymore." Dr. Nicole T. Labor, DO, BCFP, BCABAM, FASAM - OneEighty Medical Director

Types of Substances and Their Impact

Below is a chart showing common categories of substances, examples, and associated risks:

Substance Type	Common Examples	Typical Risks
Alcohol	Beer, wine, liquor	Liver disease, accidents, addiction
Opioids	Prescription painkillers, heroin, fentanyl, kratom	Overdose, respiratory depression
Stimulants	Methamphetamine, cocaine, prescription ADHD meds	Heart problems, anxiety
Benzodiazepines/Sedatives	Xanax, Valium, Ambien	Withdrawal seizures, sedation
Cannabis	Marijuana products	Dependence, cognitive effects
Polysubstance Use	Using more than one substance	Higher overdose and medical risk

How to Know if You Have an Issue: 3 Key Signs

Recognizing addiction early allows for earlier support and intervention. For residents in the Wooster and Millersburg areas, early detection often happens through community observation and clinical screening. Common signs include:

Behavioral

• Inability to stop using
• Neglecting responsibilities (work, school, family)
• Secrecy or isolation
• Continued use despite problems

Physical

• Tremors or sweating when not using
• Noticeable changes in appetite or sleep
• Increased tolerance to the substance
• Withdrawal symptoms

Emotional

• Mood swings or irritability
• Anxiety or depression
• Loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities

Asking “Do I have an addiction?” is a difficult but important question.

• Do I use more than I planned?
• Have I tried to cut down without success?
• Is my use affecting my relationships or work?
• Do I experience withdrawal when I stop?

For a more formal assessment, contact a local, qualified provider, such as OneEighty, for an evaluation.

Your Path to Recovery at OneEighty

Recovery is a marathon, not a sprint. We offer a full continuum of care throughout the Wayne and Holmes County region that meets you exactly where you are.

• Intake & Assessment: Your first step is a diagnostic assessment near you to determine the level of care needed. Learn what to expect during your first visit.
• Residential Options: For those needing a stable, drug-free environment, we offer gender-specific programs, including our residential centers located in Wooster. Read about our residential treatment centers.
• Peer Support: You don't have to do this alone. Our certified peer supporters have been where you are and are ready to walk with you.
• Evidence-Based Options: From Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, we use what works to serve our local Ohio communities.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the first steps to take if I think I have an addiction?

The first step is to recognize changes in behavior and reach out for professional help. Contact a crisis line, reach out to a provider like OneEighty for assessment, or connect with local support groups to begin an evaluation process.

Where can I get a formal assessment for addiction in Wayne or Holmes County?

Assessments can be scheduled with qualified providers in Wooster or Millersburg through OneEighty’s intake line or through partner providers listed on our Addiction & Recovery Resources page. We offer local access to ensure rural residents in Holmes County and city residents in Wayne County have equal access to care near them.

Is addiction treatable?

Yes. Addiction is highly treatable with evidence‑based care, support groups, peer support, medication‑assisted treatment, and ongoing recovery‑focused services. Early help improves outcomes.

Where can I find free naloxone (Narcan) near me?

OneEighty has Naloxone available in our lobby at our main office, 104 Spink Street in Wooster, provided by the Mental Health Recovery Board of Wayne and Holmes Counties.

Free naloxone kits are also distributed through Project DAWN at the Wayne County Health Department (Wooster) and the Holmes County General Health District (Millersburg). Contact them directly for availability and training.

Holmes County General Health District
2600 Glen Drive
Millersburg, OH 44654
330-674-5035
https://www.holmeshealth.org/project_dawn/

Wayne County Health Department
244 W South Street
Wooster, OH 44691
(330) 264-9590
https://www.wayne-health.org/project-dawn